Are a Popular Doping Drug's Effects All in the Mind?

July 24, 2008 in Mind & Brain
Are a Popular Doping Drug’s Effects All in the Mind?
Athletes who take human growth hormone may be getting duped by the placebo effect.

By Katherine Leitzell

Editors’ note: This story will appear in the October/November 2008 issue of Scientific American Mind.

Many athletes credit drugs with improving their performance, but some of them may want to thank their brain instead. Mounting evidence suggests that the boost from human growth hormone (HGH), an increasingly popular doping drug, might be caused by the placebo effect.

In a new double-blind trial funded by the World Anti-Doping Agency, in which neither researchers nor participants knew who was receiving HGH and who was taking a placebo, the researchers asked participants to guess whether or not they were on the real drug. Then they examined the results of the group who guessed that they were getting HGH when, in fact, they had received a placebo. That group improved at four fitness tests measuring strength, endurance, power and sprint capacity. The study participants who guessed correctly that they were taking a placebo showed much less improvement, according to preliminary results presented at the Society for Endocrinology meeting in June. The researchers are currently analyzing the results of the other participants for future publication.

“This finding really shows the power of the mind,” said Ken Ho, an endocrinologist at the Garvan Institute in Sydney, Australia, who led the study. “Many athletes are reaping the benefits of the placebo effect, without knowing whether what they’re taking is beneficial or not.”

And in fact, HGH may not be helpful at all, reveals a recent review published May 20 in the Annals of Internal Medicine. Endocrinologist Hau Liu of Stanford University and his colleagues looked at 44 studies and found that although HGH did increase athletes’ lean body mass, it did not lead to improvements in athletic performance in double-blind trials.

The implications for athletes are serious, according to Ho. Many athletes take a cocktail of supplements, vitamins and drugs, believing that they are enhancing their game. “But it’s really the belief in the mind that improves performance” in most cases, Ho says. “Athletes need to be cautious about ‘snake oil’ merchants.”

http://www.scia m.com/article.c … -effects-mental

Interesting article. Thanks TT.

I think HGH can add years to a great athletes career but it can’t make an average athlete great.

Then there’s always the question of quantity and dosage. I assume most tests of this type are done with pretty moderate amounts of drug or substance. What the successful drug enhanced athlete pumps into their system in the short and long term may indeed be a different story with strikingly different results.

The second to last paragraph is rather amusing as it claims lean body mass increase without performance increase. For one thing, lean mass gain doesn’t necessarily lead to improvement of performance all by itself, but it can aid if used well. Once you’ve got the meat you can train it with time. Kinda goes to Dino’s point when you add a few years of training and experience to the picture, this stuff just plain works.